In the field of non-destructive testing, there are a pair of sibling programs - industrial CT testing andX-ray tube assemblyDetection, these two detection methods are appliedX-ray tube assemblyTo probe the interior of an object, then, how are X-rays produced?

From a scientific principle: X-ray is a particle flow generated by the transition of electrons in atoms between two energy levels with very different energies, and is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength between ultraviolet rays and rays. By German Physics The family WK Roentgen was discovered in 1895, so it is also called the Roentgen ray.

Roentgen ray X wavelength is very short, between about 0.01100 angstroms, has a high penetration ability, and can pass through many materials that are opaque to visible light, such as ink paper, wood, etc. This invisible ray can make many The solid material produces visible fluorescence, which makes the photographic film sensitive and air ionized. Therefore, engineers have developed various X-ray detection equipment using this characteristic of X-rays.

Since the middle of the 20th century, with the development of computer technology, the X-ray project has a new development direction, namely the CT project, the so-called CT is 3-dimensional X-ray scanning, which is a non-destructive X-ray fluoroscopy technology. Do a 360-degree rotation, and the rays passing through a single axis penetrate the object to be measured. According to the difference in the absorption and transmittance of each part of the object to be measured, the penetrating images of each angle are collected, and then the computer operation is used to reconstruct the object to be measured. The physical image of the object. From this, it can be seen that CT can display the 3-dimensional structure and internal structure of the object. Compared with the 2-dimensional plan of X-ray, there is a qualitative leap. As a means of non-destructive testing and non-destructive evaluation, industrial CT uses tomographic imaging technology, which realizes non-destructive visual measurement of products, assembly defects and data analysis. It is not blocked by 4 weeks of detailed features, and the spatial position, shape and shape of the target feature can be directly obtained. Size Information.

The X-ray inspection plan can more intuitively show the size and shape of the internal defect of the workpiece, so it is easy to determine the nature of the defect. The X-ray film can be used as the original record of the inspection for multi-party discussion and long-term storage, and has high flexibility for non-destructive testing of thin-walled workpieces. Sensitive to volumetric defects, the plane distribution of the defect image is real, and the size measurement is accurate. There is no strict requirement on the surface brightness of the workpiece, and the grain size of the material has little effect on the test results, and can be applied to the internal defect detection of various materials. It is widely used in welding quality inspection of pressure vessels.

However, the cost of X-ray film and other equipment used in the X-ray inspection method is high, the evaluation period of the film is long, the inspection speed is slow, and the detection flexibility for thick-walled workpieces is low. Equal volume defects, can be qualitative but not quantitative, and are not suitable for structures with cavities, low sensitivity to fillet welds, T-joints, and it is difficult to find defects such as cracks and unfusions with small gaps, as well as forgings and pipes. , the internal local laminar defects of profiles such as rods.

also,X-ray tube assemblyIt is harmful to the human body and requires appropriate protective measures, so the limitations are not small.

The industrial CT program has obvious advantages:

First, the tomographic images of the measured object obtained by industrial CT technology have high resolution, and the more important industrial CT detection is not limited by the geometric structure of the measured workpiece;

Secondly, industrial CT not only displays the tested sample in 2D images, but also can reconstruct the 2D tomographic image and 3D plane of the workpiece. The reconstruction results can intuitively distinguish the internal details of the tested object, including: the workpiece is detected The internal composition and structure of the cut surface, the material, whether there are defects in the cut surface, as well as the shape, size, location, etc. of the internal defects of the workpiece, and the purpose information inside the workpiece is clear and will not be blocked by other interferences;

In addition, industrial CT technology has higher spatial resolution and density resolution, wider adaptability, and can be applied to the detection of different gray levels;

Furthermore, industrial CT images are easy to identify and understand, and the detection results are more accurate, etc.

There is also an obvious development direction for industrial CT, that is, the main method for detecting and identifying defects in industrial CT slice images is still manually judged by professionals. This identification method mainly relies on the experience of the inspectors, and the inspection results are often It will be interfered by the objective judgment of the testing personnel, and the results are not objective enough.

With the advent of big data, cloud computing, and especially the quantum era, many companies have begun to study intelligent detection methods for defects, to remove the obstacles of human objective knowledge on detection results, and to rely on a large amount of practical data as the basis for defect identification to improve efficiency. At the same time, to ensure the quality of inspection, AI intelligent identification and resolution of sample information will become a development direction in the field of industrial CT inspection, which is also an inevitable trend in the development of defect detection technology in the future.